Comparison of the UK Copyright Law and Patent Law Research Paper

Comparison of the UK Copyright Law and Patent Law - Research Paper Example The effect of a grant of a patent is to exclude others from reproducing, selling and making the patented object whilst the effect of copyright protection is to give its owner the exclusive right to do anything to his copyrighted work.1. In the United Kingdom jurisdiction, the applicable law for patenting is the Patent Law of 1977 (as amended) and for copyrighting the Copyright, Designs and Patents Acts of 1988 (as amended by the Copyright and Related Rights and Regulations).2 Albeit that the laws have different methods of extending legal protection to their subjects, these differences boil down to the same purpose – to minimise monopolies. The copyright law began with the practice of giving exclusive rights to printers to print and distribute books. However, in 1709, the Statute of Anne began giving these rights instead to the authors although limited to fourteen years and renewable once.3 In 1886, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works established the fundamental structure that countries should follow in drafting their respective copyright laws.4 Eventually, the European Union was organised and one of its objectives was to harmonise the laws of member countries. Thus, the laws of the UK periodically undergo amendments to make them in accord with the EU laws. The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act of 1988 for example, has been constantly amended and in 2003 The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 was issued. 5 The patents law, on the other hand, was believed to have originated in Italy through the Statute of Monopolies in 1474. In England, the patents system was begun by the issuance of letters patent granted to inventors to grant them the monopoly of the production of certain goods.  

Globalization and the Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Globalization and the Environment - Essay Example There is also an element of double standards because most of the global corporations operating in developing countries belong to the west (Kwong 21). The author recognizes the positive impact of globalization as far as environmental development is concerned. Globalization promotes free trade. In an environment of free trade, a country is free to choose a trading partner and the best ways of exploiting her resources. Globalization promotes development of institutions that advocate efficiency in production. Such institutions design laws that protect environment in a business world. Globalization promotes competition amongst global firms, which invest in innovation and efficiency in production. Efficient technology promotes environmental conservation and sustainable growth. The curve is U-shaped and shows a positive affiliation between economic expansion and environmental dilapidation, for example, pollution, before the curve’s turning point. From the turning point, there is a negative relationship between pollution and economic growth and development. The curve is important because it shows the important of globalization as far as environmental development is concerned. I support the author’s arguments. This is because they explain the real situation in the global economy. For example, in the developing countries, economic growth increases with the increase in pollution. On the other hand, pollution within developed countries decreases as the level of development increases. This is because companies adopt innovative technology in production, which enhances environmental

Quality management and competition in the parcel delivery industry Essay

Quality management and competition in the parcel delivery industry - Essay Example Conveyor belts and packet sorting machines were pressed into service in big cities by parcel management companies by the time of World War II. Now parcel delivery management too grown from a one based on simple modal operations to a series of complex computer aided and monitored systems. Parcel Management has undergone a lot of experimentation and evolution in more than century of its existence. There was a time when parcel delivery management was based on two simple linear functions of fast delivery at as low a price as possible. Jim Casey, the founder of UPS used the slogan: "Best Service and Lowest Rates." (www.ups.com) .Now the parcel delivery companies offer a choice of multiple speeds of delivery that vary in direct proportion to the cost of delivery. The higher the speed of delivery, higher is the transportation cost. Parcel companies advertise in advance about the exact timings at which time bound parcels can be picked up so that they go into the sorting and delivery mechanis m of the company at the earliest possible. A parcel company has multiple parcel management, collection and distribution hubs that are equipped with high speed conveyors and mechanised sorting machines. In areas, where volumes of parcel are low, manual sorting and distribution is practised. The delivery and collection channels emanating from a hub are called the spokes. A large parcel delivery company has multiple hubs and spokes. To integrate land and air operations parcel management companies have established ‘air hubs’ that serve as the air ‘spokes’ of the companies. This integration of air and land in a parcel delivery operation is also called a multi-mode activity. The hub and spoke system serves to cut down on needless road and air journeys and optimisation of operations thus saving a lot of overheads for companies. Due to pressing costs

Resume Essay Example for Free

Resume Essay If it has been more than three months since you attended an educational institution, please describe what you have been doing in the interval? As described in my resume, after receiving my Masters Degree at Columbia University, I have been working on various research projects. Immediately after graduation, I had great pleasure to work with Pr.  Doran Warren as Research assistant, researching urban conflicts around Wal-mart. This opportunity has given me an excellent chance to apply my analytical and quantitative skills in professional setting. Further, this research opportunity has become a solid ground for my own research efforts and interests that has resulted in developing and working on my first professional academic essay. During my time off since graduation I have also been provided with opportunity to work as a legal aid assistant for common ground in New Orleans helping families who have lost their homes and can’t afford to handle paper work and to pay lawyers who are needed to navigate the bureaucracy of property rights issues. Also I have been involved in my own community of Bronx New York, where I have worked as a Volunteer and Organizer educating my community about the upcoming presidential elections (the details of my duties are described in my resume).

Quality Management Systems And Restaurant Customer Service

Quality Management Systems And Restaurant Customer Service The purpose of this study is to emphasize on how having a Quality Management System (QMS) can assist restaurants to enhance their services. This involves creating a QMS for local restaurants based on standards and criteria, that respond to customers requirements, derived from the ISO 9001 standards. This implies that management will go thru training to learn how to work with the system, how to implement and how to evaluate the system. Management should then be the ones giving training and advice on how to treat customers. Employees will also go thru trainings and procedures that a restaurant should comply with, in order to be considered a quality restaurant. Implementing a QMS is expensive. You will have to invest in your employees. On the other hand by implementing a QMS can save you money, you have less cost and you can be more productive and efficient. This can make not only restaurants, but also the Island gain a competitive advantage on others and get economic return. The intention is to make restaurants aware of this and so help them improve their service, satisfy needs, be more productive and have more motivated employees. Curaà §ao Restaurants Association (CRA) can be the institute who controls that the restaurants comply with criterias and standards. 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY According to Swiss Tourism Board, from a guests point of view, tourism services are always the product of a whole package of individual services. Like a chain, these services are all linked: advance information from a Tourist Centre, the journey to the destination, stay in vacation hotel, eating in a restaurant, and lastly the trip home. Each individual service leaves its mark on and influences the holiday experience. Also at the level of the individual restaurant, a guest experiences some of this Service: welcome, seating, providing information, taking order, eating in the restaurant. These service chains which are specific to customers provide an aid for systematic checking of a restaurants services and processes, showing where practical quality improvements can be made and promoting the introduction of appropriate measures. Providing services and direct contact with customers are exacting tasks because each customer has his specific expectations, needs and opinions. On Curacao we have CRS. The Curacao Restaurant Associations (CRA) (http://www.curacaorestaurants.org/cra/index.php) mission is to represent, promote and educate their members and their employees for the improvement of the restaurant and foodservice industry of Curacao, a rapidly growing industry that is becoming the nations second largest employer. We leverage those numbers to get the best pricing and discounts for our members. Helping members succeed and remain profitable is on the forefront of the Curacao Restaurant Associations agenda. As they strive to work together with the governmental departments on health, safety, service and education, members of their association get inspections and a team consisting of these departments, together with members of the board; will on a regular basis, do an assessment of their members so they will remain accepted as a member. This will guarantee customer visit to these restaurants. An analysis of the situation will be done. An overview and definition of Quality Management System will be given, also why quality is important and what are the characteristics of the system. The service chains will be analyze and used as a tool for tracking down potential critical incidents and deriving good service from them in the shape of in-house quality standards. Furthermore the needs of the customers, employees and employer will be address. To see what will be required to satisfy their need and incorporate this in the system and what each customers specific expectations, needs and opinions are. Strategies and requirements will be presented. The program may include among other topic: The business culture QMS in detail Employees motivation Product Customer Service Curaà §ao Hospitality Training Foundation will be approached to see if some of the training needed can by integrated in their program. Results of the research and interviews carried out will be detailed. In the forth chapter the Restaurants Quality System program will be discussed. Practical tools will be developed to help restaurants managers to tackle quality management and taking targeted action to optimize service. The QMS will detailed the service chains and provide an aid for systematic checking of a restaurants services and processes, showing where practical quality improvements can be made and promoting the introduction of appropriate measures. Advice and conclusion will be given. 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT In which way can a Quality Management System (QMS) enhance customer service in restaurants? 1.3 SUB PROBLEM STATEMENTS To answer the problem statement, the following sub-questions will be addressed during this study: 1) How can QMS be defined? 2) What are the advantages and disadvantages of QMS? 3) What are the aspects for the development process of a quality management system for restaurants? 4) Will the needs of customers, employer and employees be satisfy? 5) How should QMS and the restaurant quality management system be implemented? 1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1.4.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The objective of this study is to assist restaurants on Curaà §ao to enhance their service. In this study several methods, like interviews, questionnaire, observation and literature will be use to answer the sub problems. 1.4.2 SUB PROBLEMS Sub problem 1. How can QMS be defined? and 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of QMS? will be dealt with theoretically. For these sub problems website http://www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm, research paper and articles concerning ISO 9001 and QMS will be applied. The methods that will give an explanation of these subjects are Crosby, P.B, (1984) Quality without tears: The art of hassle-free management, McGraw-Hill, Inc Hoyle, D, (2006), ISO 9000 quality systems handbook, Butterworth-Heinemann www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm www.dti.gov.uk/quality/qms Sub problem 3. What are the aspects for the development process of a quality certification program for restaurants? a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis will be conducted. The SWOT analysis examines the internal and external environment giving a view of the implementation of a QMS for restaurants regarding. Also at least six restaurants will be observed and judge on the service they are giving. Curaà §ao Quality Foundation and the president Mr. Marugg or Mr. Neuman, the Event Coordinator of Curacao Restaurants Association (CRA) will be approach for information. Some of the questions that will be asked are: What is the support CRA offers their members? How those CRA control the quality service their members offer? How does CRA get its members? Why the membership is so low compared to the number of establishment on the Island? The readings that will be used are: Hair, J.F, (2003), Essentials of Business Research Methods, Leyh Publishing, LLC Brink, A, Berndt, A, (2009), Relationship Marketing and Customer Relationship Management, Juta Co LTD Honebein, P.C., Cammarano, R.F., (2005), Creating do-it-yourself customers: how great customer experiences build great companies, South-Western Educational Pub Schieffer, R., (2005), Ten Key Customer Insights: Unlocking the Mind of the Market, South-Western Educational Pub www.cbs.an/establishments/establishments_i5.asp Sub problem 4. Will the needs of customers, employer and employees be satisfy? To answer this question surveys among consumer will be conducted regarding the quality service they receive at a restaurant. Also interviews to sales managers and supervisors of restaurants will be conducted. Employees of restaurants will be interviewed to see what their needs are. Books on among others on customer service, motivation and quality service will be used. Among others: Jagdish N. Shainesh, S., (2001) Customer relationship management: emerging concepts, tools, and applications, McGraw-Hill Professional Jones, P., Merricks, P., (1994), The management of foodservice operations, Cengage Learning Business Press Parsa, H.G., Kwansa, F., (2002), Quick Service Restaurants, Franchising, and Multi-Unit Chain Management, Routledge Shankar, R., (2009), Process improvement using Six Sigma: a DMAIC guide, ASQ Quality Pres Question can be asked a.o. is: What are the companys strengths and weaknesses compared to its competition? Are you happy with the service you are providing Do you care about reaction of comments of your customers? Are you happy with your employees? If not what are you doing to improve it? Is the restaurant plan to come with new services? Sub problem 5. How should QMS and the restaurant quality management system be implemented? In order to answer this sub problem, books on standardization and quality management systems, employee training manuals will be used. Suggestions and guidelines for training for Management and employees will be address. Design of the quality management system will be presented. Reading used is: Beecroft, D.G., Duffy, G.L., Moran, J.W., (2001), The Executive Guide to Improvement and Change, ASQ Quality Press Jackson, Susan E., Schuler, Randall S, Werner, Steve, (2008), Managing Human Resources, South Western, a part of Cengage Learning Lohman, C., et al. (2004) Designing a performance measurement system: A case study. European Journal of Operational Research, Martinich, J.S., (2009), Production and Operations Management: An Applied Modern Approach, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. Maskell, B. H. (1991) Performance measurement for world class manufacturing: a model for American companies, Cambridge, Mass., Productivity Press. 1.5 DELIMITATIONS The study will be conducted among consumers, restaurants from all sector, restaurants managers/supervisors, restaurants employees and establishment associated to tourism sectors on the Island of Curaà §ao. 1.6 THESIS OUTLINE The structure of this study will be as follow: 1. Introduction Background Information Problem Statement and Sub Problems Research Methodology Content Thesis Quality Management System (QMS) Introduction Elements of QMS Introduction to quality and service Importance of quality Measuring service quality Characteristics of QMS Conclusion Customers, employee and employers needs Introduction Customer and their needs Consumer decision process Employee and employers needs Defining and measuring service satisfaction Conclusion Restaurants Quality Management System Introduction Aspect of the Quality system Key Indicators of the Quality system Process development of the Quality management system Restaurant Quality System Implementation, Control and Evaluation Conclusion Conclusion and Recommendations Bibliography Appendixes List of tables

How do the two poets use Visual Description to contribute to their :: English Literature

How do the two poets use Visual Description to contribute to their Underlying Theme? - Keats and Hopkins in Hurrahing in harvest and To Autumn. How do the two poets use Visual Description to contribute to their Underlying Theme? There are many similarities between the descriptions of the two poets and probably the most obvious is that both of the poems refer to the seasons with Keats and Hopkins in 'Hurrahing in Harvest' and 'To Autumn' referring to autumn and Hopkins to spring in 'Spring'. Both of the poets use the these natural events (the seasons) to suggest their own underlying means even though they are different and they also use personification all throughout the poems to suggest their underlying mean and an example of this would be two titles of the poems 'Hurrahing in Harvest' and 'To Autumn' which both personify the seasons. However even though from a glance both of the poems look like they are suggesting similar things this is not true because if a closer look is taken it is clear that both of the poets use lots of description but that it is very different because looking at Hopkins poems he uses sort of riddles and an example of this would be in 'Hurrahing in Harvest' and this is shown in the following quote: Of silk-sack clouds! has wilder, willful-wavier Meal-drift moulded ever and melted across skies? Looking at the words highlighted in blue this is an Anglo Saxon riddles (a kenning) used to describe the clouds as if they were floating around in the sky and he used these riddles so that he did not have to use the exact words and he also wanted to use them as they were used in Anglo Saxon poems so that he did not have to use rhymes to make the poem flow and instead use alliterations to make it flow and there are many examples of the use of alliterations such as 'what wind-walks' in Hurrahing in Harvest and 'long and lovely and lush' and taking this as an example he uses asinations where he uses repeated vowel sounds to try and make the poem flow. However Keats does not use either asinations or alliterations to make the poem flow and he uses rhyme schemes to do this. Similar words are also used in the poems such as the word 'lambs' although they are superficial and have very minor similarities but the differences are great as Hopkins uses the words 'the racing lambs' to emphasize new life whereas Keats uses the words 'full-grown lambs' to suggest ending. There is also the use of the word 'bloom' however it How do the two poets use Visual Description to contribute to their :: English Literature How do the two poets use Visual Description to contribute to their Underlying Theme? - Keats and Hopkins in Hurrahing in harvest and To Autumn. How do the two poets use Visual Description to contribute to their Underlying Theme? There are many similarities between the descriptions of the two poets and probably the most obvious is that both of the poems refer to the seasons with Keats and Hopkins in 'Hurrahing in Harvest' and 'To Autumn' referring to autumn and Hopkins to spring in 'Spring'. Both of the poets use the these natural events (the seasons) to suggest their own underlying means even though they are different and they also use personification all throughout the poems to suggest their underlying mean and an example of this would be two titles of the poems 'Hurrahing in Harvest' and 'To Autumn' which both personify the seasons. However even though from a glance both of the poems look like they are suggesting similar things this is not true because if a closer look is taken it is clear that both of the poets use lots of description but that it is very different because looking at Hopkins poems he uses sort of riddles and an example of this would be in 'Hurrahing in Harvest' and this is shown in the following quote: Of silk-sack clouds! has wilder, willful-wavier Meal-drift moulded ever and melted across skies? Looking at the words highlighted in blue this is an Anglo Saxon riddles (a kenning) used to describe the clouds as if they were floating around in the sky and he used these riddles so that he did not have to use the exact words and he also wanted to use them as they were used in Anglo Saxon poems so that he did not have to use rhymes to make the poem flow and instead use alliterations to make it flow and there are many examples of the use of alliterations such as 'what wind-walks' in Hurrahing in Harvest and 'long and lovely and lush' and taking this as an example he uses asinations where he uses repeated vowel sounds to try and make the poem flow. However Keats does not use either asinations or alliterations to make the poem flow and he uses rhyme schemes to do this. Similar words are also used in the poems such as the word 'lambs' although they are superficial and have very minor similarities but the differences are great as Hopkins uses the words 'the racing lambs' to emphasize new life whereas Keats uses the words 'full-grown lambs' to suggest ending. There is also the use of the word 'bloom' however it

Lost Innocence in The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas by John Boyne :: The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas, John Boyne

Evil can be glossed over by innocence but in the end subsumes it. This is vividly conveyed by John Boyne in The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas, a powerful narrative of lost innocence set in Nazi Germany. It all begins simply enough. Nine-year-old Bruno has to suddenly leave a familiar and beloved home where he could slide five floors down on a fine banister, and move with his parents and his twelve year old sister Gretel to a place called ‘Out With', where Father was going to be doing a very important job. ‘ The Fury' had dined with them the week before, and after that Bruno's father was given a brand new assignment, and as Bruno's mother told him, he would now have to wear a grander uniform than the one he had been wearing. So the family, with their entourage of staff and servants, leaves bustling Berlin. Sadly for Bruno, he has to also leave behind his three best friends, not to mention his beloved grandparents; he has to move far away to a much smaller, sequestered house with only Gretel (whom he thinks of as a Hopeless Case) for company. From his bedroom window, homesick Bruno can see groups of people in the distance, all in striped pyjamas moving about slowly behind a tall and endless wire fence. And because Bruno loves exploring, he soon sets out to find out more, although when he had asked his father who the people in the striped pyjamas were, his father had said that they were not people. The language and structure of this novel, The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas by the Irish writer John Boyne, labelled as young adult fiction in early editions, is deceptively simple. But this is definitely a book that adults must read; it is a fable set in living history that will jolt readers of all ages. Paradoxical While evil hiding among us is an ancient theme (as Agatha Christie once said), in this book evil is the base, glossed over by an innocence that is at one level redemptive, but at another level shocking. Bruno is the much loved child of a Nazi Commandant; but he is also an endearing little boy who adores his parents, is frustrated in typical sibling fashion with his pre-teen older sister, and in all aspects a solid little fellow; curious, full of energy and also trusting and innocent in a manner that sometimes seems a bit paradoxical for someone as intelligent as he is.